Mpweya Wamkati

Timakonda kuganiza kuti kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya ndi chiopsezo chomwe chimabwera kunja, koma mpweya umene timapuma m'nyumba ukhozanso kuipitsidwa. Utsi, nthunzi, nkhungu, ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu utoto wina, mipando, ndi zotsukira zonse zingakhudze ubwino wa mpweya wa m'nyumba komanso thanzi lathu.

Nyumba zimakhudza thanzi la anthu onse chifukwa anthu ambiri amakhala nthawi yawo yambiri m'nyumba. Bungwe la US Environmental Protection Agency likuyerekeza kuti anthu aku America amakhala m'nyumba 90% - m'malo omangidwa monga m'nyumba, masukulu, malo ogwirira ntchito, malo olambirira, kapena m'malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Ofufuza zaumoyo wa chilengedwe amaphunzira momwe mpweya wabwino wa m'nyumba umakhudzira thanzi la anthu ndi moyo wawo. Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti kuchuluka kwa zinthu zoipitsa mpweya m'nyumba kukuchulukirachulukira, chifukwa cha zinthu monga mitundu ya mankhwala omwe amapezeka m'nyumba, mpweya wochepa, kutentha kwambiri, komanso chinyezi chambiri.

Ubwino wa mpweya wa m'nyumba ndi vuto lapadziko lonse lapansi. Kukumana ndi mpweya woipa wa m'nyumba kwa kanthawi kochepa komanso kwa nthawi yayitali kungayambitse mavuto osiyanasiyana azaumoyo, kuphatikizapo matenda opuma, matenda a mtima, kusowa kwa chidziwitso, ndi khansa. Mwachitsanzo, bungwe la World Health Organization likuyerekezaAnthu 3.8 miliyoniPadziko lonse lapansi anthu amafa chaka chilichonse chifukwa cha matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa cha mpweya woipa wa m'nyumba chifukwa cha ma stoves akuda ndi mafuta.

Anthu ena angakhudzidwe kwambiri kuposa ena. Ana, okalamba, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda omwe alipo kale, Amwenye Achimereka, ndi mabanja omwe ali ndi vuto la zachuma nthawi zambiri amakhala pachiwopsezo cha matenda akuchuluka kwa zinthu zoipitsa m'nyumba.

Mitundu ya Zoipitsa

Zinthu zambiri zimapangitsa kuti mpweya wa m'nyumba ukhale woipa. Mpweya wa m'nyumba umaphatikizapo zinthu zoipitsa zomwe zimalowa kuchokera panja, komanso zinthu zomwe zimapezeka m'nyumba mwanu.magwerozikuphatikizapo:

• Zochita za anthu m'nyumba, monga kusuta fodya, kuyatsa mafuta olimba, kuphika, ndi kuyeretsa.
• Nthunzi yochokera ku zipangizo zomangira ndi zomangira, zida, ndi mipando.
• Zinthu zoipitsa thupi, monga nkhungu, mavairasi, kapena zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo.

Zina mwa zinthu zodetsa zafotokozedwa pansipa:

• Matenda a ziwengondi zinthu zomwe zingayambitse chitetezo chamthupi, zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo; zimatha kuzungulira mumlengalenga ndikukhalabe pa makapeti ndi mipando kwa miyezi ingapo.
• Asbestondi ulusi womwe kale unkagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zipangizo zomangira zosayaka kapena zosayaka moto, monga ma shingles a padenga, zipilala, ndi zotetezera kutentha. Michere ya asbestos kapena zinthu zomwe zili ndi asbestos zimatha kutulutsa ulusi, womwe nthawi zambiri umakhala wochepa kwambiri kuti usawonekere, mumlengalenga. Asbestos ndiwodziwikakukhala khansa ya anthu.
• Mpweya wa kabonindi mpweya wopanda fungo komanso woopsa. Umapezeka mu utsi womwe umapangidwa nthawi iliyonse mukawotcha mafuta m'magalimoto kapena malole, m'mainjini ang'onoang'ono, m'masitovu, m'magalasi, m'ma grill, m'malo ophikira moto, m'malo osungira mafuta, kapena m'zitofu. Njira zoyenera zotulutsira mpweya kapena zotulutsira utsi zimaletsa kuwunjikana mumlengalenga.
• Formaldehydendi mankhwala onunkhira kwambiri omwe amapezeka m'mipando yamatabwa yosindikizidwa, makabati amatabwa, pansi, makapeti, ndi nsalu. Ikhozanso kukhala gawo la guluu, zomatira, utoto, ndi zinthu zina zokutira. Formaldehyde ndiwodziwikakukhala khansa ya anthu.
• Mtsogolerindi chitsulo chachilengedwe chomwe chagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana kuphatikizapo mafuta, utoto, mapaipi a mapaipi, zoumba, zosungunula, mabatire, komanso zodzoladzola.
• Nkhungundi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso mtundu wa bowa womwe umapezeka bwino m'malo onyowa; nkhungu zosiyanasiyana zimapezeka kulikonse, m'nyumba ndi kunja.
• Mankhwala ophera tizilombondi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupha, kuthamangitsa, kapena kulamulira mitundu ina ya zomera kapena tizilombo tomwe timaonedwa kuti ndi tizilombo toononga.
• Radonindi mpweya wopanda mtundu, wopanda fungo, wachilengedwe womwe umachokera ku kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zowononga mpweya m'nthaka. Umatha kulowa m'malo amkati kudzera m'ming'alu kapena mipata m'nyumba. Kuwonongeka kwambiri kumachitika m'nyumba, m'masukulu, ndi m'malo antchito. EPA ikuyerekeza kuti radon ndiye amachititsa pafupifupiAnthu 21,000 aku America amafa ndi khansa ya m'mapapo pachaka.
• Utsi, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuyaka, monga ndudu, ma stovu, ndi moto wa m'nkhalango, zimakhala ndi mankhwala oopsa monga formaldehyde ndi lead.

Kuchokera ku https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/agents/indoor-air/index.cfm