Zomwe Zimayambitsa Vuto la Mpweya M'nyumba - Utsi Wachiwiri ndi Nyumba Zopanda Utsi

Kodi Secondhand Smoke ndi chiyani?

Utsi wa fodya ndi chisakanizo cha utsi umene umatulutsidwa ndi kuwotchedwa kwa fodya, monga ndudu, ndudu kapena mapaipi ndi utsi wotulutsidwa ndi osuta.Utsi wa fodya umatchedwanso kuti chilengedwe utsi wa fodya (ETS).Nthawi zina kusuta fodya kumatchedwa kuti mwangozi kapena mwangozi.Utsi wa fodya, womwe umadziwika ndi EPA ngati gulu A carcinogen, uli ndi zinthu zoposa 7,000.Kusuta kwa anthu omwe amasuta fodya kumachitika kawirikawiri m'nyumba, makamaka m'nyumba ndi m'magalimoto.Utsi wa fodya ukhoza kuyenda pakati pa zipinda za nyumba ndi pakati pa zipinda zogona.Kutsegula zenera kapena kuwonjezera mpweya wabwino m'nyumba kapena m'galimoto sikuteteza ku utsi wa fodya.

Kodi Utsi Wakusuta Umakhala Wotani Paumoyo Wawo?

Zotsatira za thanzi la utsi wa fodya kwa akuluakulu ndi ana osasuta ndizovulaza komanso zambiri.Utsi wosuta fodya umayambitsa matenda a mtima (mtima ndi sitiroko), khansa ya m'mapapo, kufa mwadzidzidzi kwa makanda, matenda a mphumu pafupipafupi komanso oopsa, ndi matenda ena oopsa.Kafukufuku wambiri wodziwika bwino wokhudzana ndi utsi wa fodya wachitika.

Zotsatira zazikulu:

• Palibe mlingo wopanda chiopsezo wa kukhudzidwa ndi utsi wa fodya.
• Chiyambireni Lipoti la Opaleshoni Yambiri ya 1964, akuluakulu 2.5 miliyoni omwe sanali osuta amwalira chifukwa chopuma utsi wa fodya.
• Utsi wa fodya wosuta fodya umapangitsa pafupifupi anthu 34,000 kufa msanga ndi matenda a mtima chaka chilichonse ku United States pakati pa anthu osasuta.
• Osasuta omwe amakhudzidwa ndi utsi wa fodya kunyumba kapena kuntchito amawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndi 25-30%.
• Utsi wosuta fodya umayambitsa kufa kwa khansa ya m'mapapo pakati pa anthu osasuta ku US chaka chilichonse.
• Anthu osasuta omwe amasuta fodya kunyumba kapena kuntchito amawonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi khansa ya m'mapapo ndi 20-30%.
• Utsi wosuta fodya umayambitsa matenda ambiri a makanda ndi ana, kuphatikizapo matenda a mphumu pafupipafupi komanso oopsa, matenda a kupuma, matenda a m'makutu, komanso kufa mwadzidzidzi kwa makanda.

Kodi Mungatani Kuti Muchepetse Kusuta Kwambiri?

Kuchotsa utsi wa fodya m'nyumba zamkati kudzachepetsa zotsatira zake zovulaza thanzi, kumapangitsa mpweya wabwino wamkati komanso chitonthozo kapena thanzi la anthu okhalamo.Kukhudzidwa kwa utsi wa anthu omwe amasuta fodya kumatha kuchepetsedwa potsatira mfundo zovomerezeka kapena modzifunira.Malo ena ogwirira ntchito ndi malo otsekedwa ndi anthu onse monga mabara ndi malo odyera ndi opanda utsi mwalamulo.Anthu amatha kukhazikitsa ndikukhazikitsa malamulo opanda utsi m'nyumba ndi m'magalimoto awo.Panyumba za mabanja ambiri, kukhazikitsa malamulo opanda utsi kungakhale kokakamiza kapena mwaufulu, kutengera mtundu wa malo ndi malo (mwachitsanzo, umwini ndi ulamuliro).

• Nyumbayo ikukhala malo odziwika bwino omwe ana ndi akuluakulu amasuta fodya.(Lipoti la Surgeon General, 2006)
• Mabanja omwe ali m'nyumba zokhala ndi malamulo osasuta ali ndi PM2.5 yotsika poyerekeza ndi nyumba zopanda mfundozi.PM2.5 ndi muyeso wa tinthu ting'onoting'ono ta mpweya ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chizindikiro chimodzi cha mpweya.Kuchuluka kwa tinthu tating'ono ting'onoting'ono mumpweya kumatha kubweretsa thanzi labwino.(Russia, 2014)
• Kuletsa kusuta m'nyumba ndiyo njira yokhayo yochotsera utsi wa fodya m'nyumba zamkati.Njira zoyendetsera mpweya ndi zosefera zimatha kuchepetsa, koma osachotsa, utsi wa fodya.(Bohoc, 2010)

Kuchokera ku https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/secondhand-smoke-and-smoke-free-homes