Chiyambi
Nkhawa za Ubwino wa Mpweya Wamkati
Tonsefe timakumana ndi zoopsa zosiyanasiyana pa thanzi lathu pamene tikuchita zinthu za tsiku ndi tsiku. Kuyendetsa galimoto, kuuluka mu ndege, kuchita zosangalatsa, komanso kukhudzidwa ndi zinthu zodetsa chilengedwe zonse zimaika pachiwopsezo chosiyanasiyana. Zoopsa zina sizingapeweke. Zina timasankha kuvomereza chifukwa kuchita zosiyana ndi zimenezi kungatilepheretse kukhala ndi moyo momwe tikufunira. Ndipo zina ndi zoopsa zomwe tingasankhe kupewa ngati titakhala ndi mwayi wosankha mwanzeru. Kuipitsa mpweya m'nyumba ndi chiopsezo chimodzi chomwe mungachitepo kanthu.
M'zaka zingapo zapitazi, umboni wowonjezereka wa sayansi wasonyeza kuti mpweya m'nyumba ndi nyumba zina ukhoza kuipitsidwa kwambiri kuposa mpweya wakunja ngakhale m'mizinda ikuluikulu komanso yotukuka kwambiri. Kafukufuku wina akusonyeza kuti anthu amakhala pafupifupi 90 peresenti ya nthawi yawo m'nyumba. Motero, kwa anthu ambiri, zoopsa pa thanzi zitha kukhala zazikulu chifukwa chokhudzidwa ndi mpweya woipa m'nyumba kuposa panja.
Kuphatikiza apo, anthu omwe angakhale ndi vuto la mpweya woipa m'nyumba kwa nthawi yayitali nthawi zambiri ndi omwe amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha zotsatira za mpweya woipa m'nyumba. Magulu oterewa ndi achinyamata, okalamba, ndi odwala matenda osatha, makamaka omwe akudwala matenda opuma kapena a mtima.
N’chifukwa chiyani muyenera kutsatira malangizo a chitetezo pa mpweya wamkati?
Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa zinthu zodetsa kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana sikungakhale pachiwopsezo chachikulu pa thanzi, nyumba zambiri zimakhala ndi zinthu zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya uipitse m'nyumba. Pakhoza kukhala chiopsezo chachikulu kuchokera ku zinthu zomwe zimapezeka m'zinthuzi. Mwamwayi, pali njira zomwe anthu ambiri angatenge kuti achepetse chiopsezo kuchokera kuzinthu zomwe zilipo komanso kuti apewe mavuto atsopano. Buku lothandizira chitetezo ili linakonzedwa ndi US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ndi US Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) kuti likuthandizeni kusankha ngati mungachite zinthu zomwe zingachepetse kuchuluka kwa mpweya woipa m'nyumba mwanu.
Popeza anthu ambiri aku America amakhala nthawi yayitali m'maofesi okhala ndi makina otenthetsera, kuziziritsa, komanso makina opumira mpweya, palinso gawo lalifupi lofotokoza zomwe zimayambitsa mpweya woipa m'maofesi ndi zomwe mungachite ngati mukuganiza kuti ofesi yanu ili ndi vuto. Buku la mawu ndi mndandanda wa mabungwe komwe mungapeze zambiri zowonjezera zikupezeka m'chikalatachi.
Mpweya Wabwino M'nyumba Mwanu
Kodi N’chiyani Chimayambitsa Mavuto a Mphepo Yam’nyumba?
Zinthu zoipitsa mpweya m'nyumba zomwe zimatulutsa mpweya kapena tinthu ting'onoting'ono mumlengalenga ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha mavuto a mpweya m'nyumba. Kusakwanira mpweya wabwino kungawonjezere kuchuluka kwa zinthu zoipitsa m'nyumba mwa kusabweretsa mpweya wokwanira wakunja kuti uchepetse mpweya wochokera m'nyumba komanso mwa kusatulutsa zinthu zoipitsa mpweya m'nyumba. Kutentha kwambiri ndi chinyezi zingawonjezere kuchuluka kwa zinthu zina zoipitsa.
Magwero Oipitsa
Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya m'nyumba. Izi zikuphatikizapo zinthu zoyaka monga mafuta, gasi, mafuta a palafini, malasha, matabwa, ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi fodya; zipangizo zomangira ndi mipando yosiyanasiyana monga kuwonongeka, kutchinjiriza komwe kuli ndi asbestos, kapeti yonyowa kapena yonyowa, ndi makabati kapena mipando yopangidwa ndi zinthu zina zamatabwa osindikizidwa; zinthu zoyeretsera ndi kukonza m'nyumba, zosamalira munthu, kapena zosangalatsa; makina otenthetsera ndi ozizira komanso zipangizo zonyowetsa chinyezi; ndi zinthu zakunja monga radon, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ndi kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya wakunja.
Kufunika kwa gwero lililonse kumadalira kuchuluka kwa zinthu zoipitsa zomwe zimatulutsa komanso kuchuluka kwa mpweya umene umatulutsawo. Nthawi zina, zinthu monga zaka zomwe gwerolo lili nazo komanso ngati silikusamalidwa bwino ndizofunikira kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, chitofu cha gasi chosasinthidwa bwino chingatulutse mpweya wambiri wa carbon monoxide kuposa chomwe chasinthidwa bwino.
Magwero ena, monga zipangizo zomangira, mipando, ndi zinthu zapakhomo monga zotsukira mpweya, amatulutsa zinthu zoipitsa mpweya nthawi zonse. Magwero ena, okhudzana ndi zochitika zomwe zimachitika m'nyumba, amatulutsa zinthu zoipitsa mpweya nthawi ndi nthawi. Izi zikuphatikizapo kusuta fodya, kugwiritsa ntchito zitofu zosatulutsa mpweya kapena zosagwira ntchito bwino, uvuni, kapena zotenthetsera malo, kugwiritsa ntchito zosungunulira zinthu poyeretsa ndi kuchita zinthu zosangalatsa, kugwiritsa ntchito zochotsera utoto pokongoletsanso zinthu, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zoyeretsa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo poyeretsa nyumba. Zinthu zoipitsa mpweya zambiri zimatha kukhala mumlengalenga kwa nthawi yayitali pambuyo pa zina mwa zinthuzi.
Kuchuluka kwa Mpweya Wopumira
Ngati mpweya wakunja wochepa kwambiri ulowa m'nyumba, zinthu zoipitsa mpweya zimatha kusonkhana mpaka kufika pamlingo womwe ungayambitse mavuto azaumoyo komanso chitonthozo. Pokhapokha ngati zamangidwa ndi njira zapadera zopumira mpweya, nyumba zomwe zapangidwa kuti zichepetse mpweya wakunja womwe ungatuluke m'nyumba ndi kunja zitha kukhala ndi zinthu zoipitsa mpweya kuposa nyumba zina. Komabe, chifukwa nyengo zina zimatha kuchepetsa kwambiri mpweya wakunja womwe umalowa m'nyumba, zinthu zoipitsa mpweya zimatha kusonkhana ngakhale m'nyumba zomwe nthawi zambiri zimaonedwa kuti ndi "zotayikira mpweya."
Kodi Mpweya Wakunja Umalowa Bwanji M'nyumba?
Mpweya wakunja umalowa ndi kutuluka m'nyumba mwa: kulowa m'nyumba, mpweya wachilengedwe, ndi mpweya wamakina. Mu njira yotchedwa kulowa m'nyumba, mpweya wakunja umalowa m'nyumba kudzera m'mabowo, malo olumikizirana, ndi ming'alu m'makoma, pansi, ndi padenga, komanso mozungulira mawindo ndi zitseko. Mu mpweya wachilengedwe, mpweya umayenda kudzera m'mawindo ndi zitseko zotseguka. Kuyenda kwa mpweya komwe kumakhudzana ndi kulowa m'nyumba ndi mpweya wachilengedwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa kutentha kwa mpweya pakati pa nyumba ndi panja komanso ndi mphepo. Pomaliza, pali zida zingapo zopumira mpweya, kuyambira mafani otulutsa mpweya wakunja omwe amachotsa mpweya m'chipinda chimodzi nthawi ndi nthawi, monga zimbudzi ndi khitchini, mpaka machitidwe ogwiritsira ntchito mpweya omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mafani ndi ntchito zama ducts kuti achotse mpweya wamkati mosalekeza ndikugawa mpweya wosefedwa komanso wokonzedwa bwino kupita kumalo ofunikira m'nyumba yonse. Kuthamanga komwe mpweya wakunja umalowa m'malo mwa mpweya wamkati kumafotokozedwa ngati kuchuluka kwa kusinthana kwa mpweya. Pakakhala kulowerera pang'ono, mpweya wachilengedwe, kapena mpweya wamakina, kuchuluka kwa kusinthana kwa mpweya kumakhala kochepa ndipo kuchuluka kwa zinthu zoipitsa mpweya kumatha kuwonjezeka.
Kuchokera ku: https://www.cpsc.gov/Safety-Education/Safety-Guides/Home/The-Inside-Story-A-Guide-to-Indoor-Air-Quality
Nthawi yotumizira: Okutobala-26-2022