Chifukwa chiyani Ubwino wa Mpweya Wapanyumba Ndiwofunika M'masukulu

Mwachidule

Anthu ambiri amadziwa kuti kuwonongeka kwa mpweya wakunja kumatha kukhudza thanzi lawo, koma kuipitsa mpweya m'nyumba kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa komanso zovulaza thanzi.Kafukufuku wa EPA wokhudzana ndi kuwonekera kwa anthu kuzinthu zowononga mpweya akuwonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa zowononga m'nyumba kungakhale kaŵiri kapena kasanu - ndipo nthawi zina kuposa nthawi za 100 - kuposa milingo yakunja. 90 peresenti ya nthawi yawo m'nyumba.Pazolinga za chitsogozo ichi, tanthauzo la kayendetsedwe kabwino ka mpweya wamkati (IAQ) kumaphatikizapo:

• Kuwongolera zowononga zoyendetsedwa ndi mpweya;
• Kuyambitsa ndi kugawa mpweya wokwanira wakunja;ndi
• Kusamalira kutentha kovomerezeka ndi chinyezi chachibale

Kutentha ndi chinyezi sizinganyalanyazidwe, chifukwa nkhawa za kutentha zimabweretsa madandaulo ambiri okhudzana ndi "kuchepa kwa mpweya."Kuphatikiza apo, kutentha ndi chinyezi ndi zina mwazinthu zambiri zomwe zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa zoipitsa m'nyumba.

Magwero akunja ayeneranso kuganiziridwa chifukwa mpweya wakunja umalowa m'nyumba za sukulu kudzera m'mawindo, zitseko ndi mpweya wabwino.Chifukwa chake, ntchito zamayendedwe ndi kukonza malo zimakhala zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa zoipitsa m'nyumba komanso mpweya wakunja pamabwalo asukulu.

Chifukwa Chiyani IAQ Ndi Yofunika?

M'zaka zaposachedwa, kafukufuku woyerekeza zowopsa zochitidwa ndi EPA's Science Advisory Board (SAB) nthawi zonse akhala akuyika kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya m'nyumba pakati pa ziwopsezo zisanu zapamwamba kwambiri paumoyo wa anthu.IAQ yabwino ndi gawo lofunikira la malo okhala m'nyumba, ndipo imatha kuthandiza masukulu kukwaniritsa cholinga chawo chachikulu chophunzitsira ana.

Kulephera kupewa kapena kuyankha mwachangu kumavuto a IAQ kumatha kukulitsa thanzi lalitali komanso lalifupi kwa ophunzira ndi antchito, monga:

• Kutsokomola;
• Kupweteka kwa maso;
• Mutu;
• Thupi lawo siligwirizana;
• Kukulitsa mphumu ndi/kapena matenda ena opuma;ndi
• Nthawi zina, zimathandizira kuyika moyo pachiwopsezo monga matenda a Legionnaire kapena poizoni wa carbon monoxide.

Pafupifupi mwana mmodzi mwa ana 13 a msinkhu wopita kusukulu ali ndi mphumu, yomwe ndi imene imachititsa kuti asapite kusukulu chifukwa cha matenda aakulu.Pali umboni wochuluka wosonyeza kuti kukhudzana ndi chilengedwe m'nyumba kuzinthu zowonongeka (monga nthata za fumbi, tizirombo, ndi nkhungu) zimathandizira kuyambitsa zizindikiro za mphumu.Zosokoneza izi ndizofala m'masukulu.Palinso umboni wosonyeza kuti kutenthedwa ndi utsi wa dizilo m’mabasi akusukulu ndi m’galimoto zina kumawonjezera mphumu ndi ziwengo.Mavuto awa akhoza:

• Kukhudza kupezeka kwa ophunzira, chitonthozo, ndi machitidwe;
• Kuchepetsa magwiridwe antchito a aphunzitsi ndi antchito;
• Kufulumizitsa kuwonongeka ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu ya zomera ndi zida za sukulu;
• Kuchulukitsa kuthekera kwa kutsekedwa kwa sukulu kapena kusamutsa anthu okhalamo;
• Kusokoneza maubwenzi pakati pa oyang'anira sukulu, makolo ndi antchito;
• Pangani mbiri yoyipa;
• Impact community trust;ndi
• Pangani zovuta zamabizinesi.

Mavuto a mpweya wa m'nyumba amatha kukhala osawoneka bwino ndipo nthawi zonse samabweretsa zovuta zodziwika bwino pa thanzi, thanzi, kapena chomera.Zizindikiro zake ndi mutu, kutopa, kupuma movutikira, kutsekeka kwa m'mphuno, kutsokomola, kuyetsemula, chizungulire, nseru, komanso kukwiya kwa diso, mphuno, mmero, ndi khungu.Zizindikiro sizingakhale chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa mpweya, koma zikhozanso kuyambitsidwa ndi zinthu zina, monga kuwala kosautsa, kupsinjika maganizo, phokoso ndi zina.Chifukwa cha kusiyanasiyana kosiyanasiyana pakati pa omwe ali pasukulu, mavuto a IAQ amatha kukhudza gulu la anthu kapena munthu m'modzi ndipo amatha kukhudza munthu aliyense m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

Anthu omwe atha kukhala pachiwopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa mpweya wamkati akuphatikizapo, koma osalekezera, anthu omwe ali ndi:

• mphumu, chifuwa, kapena kukhudzidwa ndi mankhwala;
• Matenda opuma;
• Kuponderezedwa kwa chitetezo chamthupi (chifukwa cha radiation, chemotherapy, kapena matenda);ndi
• Ma lens.

Magulu ena a anthu amatha kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha kukhudzidwa ndi zinthu zina zoipitsa kapena zosakaniza zowononga.Mwachitsanzo, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima amatha kukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mpweya wa carbon monoxide kusiyana ndi anthu athanzi.Anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha nitrogen dioxide ali pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda opuma.

Kuonjezera apo, matupi omwe akutukuka kumene a ana akhoza kukhala okhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chilengedwe kusiyana ndi achikulire.Ana amapuma mpweya wambiri, amadya zakudya zambiri komanso kumwa madzi ambiri molingana ndi kulemera kwa thupi lawo kuposa akuluakulu.Choncho, khalidwe la mpweya m'masukulu ndilofunika kwambiri.Kukonzekera bwino kwa mpweya wa m'nyumba sikuposa nkhani ya "ubwino";Zimaphatikizapo chitetezo ndi kuyang'anira ndalama zanu kwa ophunzira, antchito ndi malo.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri, onaniUbwino wa Air M'nyumba.

Maumboni

1. Wallace, Lance A., et al.Total Exposure Assessment Methodology (TEAM) Phunziro: Zowonekera pawekha, maubwenzi amkati ndi kunja, ndi mpweya wamagulu osasinthika a organic ku New Jersey.Kuzungulira.Int.1986,12, 369-387.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0160412086900516

Kuchokera ku https://www.epa.gov/iaq-schools/why-indoor-air-quality-important-schools